Three summaries

Summaries

Chomitz, Virginia R., Robert J. McGowan, Suzanne E. Mitchell, and Glen F. Dawson. "Is There a Relationship Between Physical Fitness and Academic Achievement? Positive Results From Public School Children in the Northeastern United States."Www.ebscohost.com. Web. 30 Mar. 2012. < http://web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=4&hid=9&sid=66b5c92f-9465-49ba-9736-a21d0482e214%40sessionmgr12&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaXRl#db=rzh&AN=2010139237 >.

The focus of this study was directed towards Native American culture, and the aspect of how physical education affected them, but the research still had more informative information. While students generally perform better as they get older, they had little understand of physical activity. Students generally had difficulty understanding some of the physical activity and healthy behavior concepts. It is known that schools are good intervention sites, but the question of how we solve this problem remains. In a study of eight and night graders, it is noted that more than half did not recognize that the mile run was a test for aerobic fitness; knowledge of physical activity is important to develop healthy and active routines.

The author had very few biases, but nonetheless he did. One in particular related to the level of physical fitness in Northeastern states. The authors mentioned that states in the Northeast had higher levels and a higher degree of physical education in schools compared to the south and other sectors of the United States but they didn't have anything to support this claim. Also, the authors had no form of official verification This is particularly interesting to observe because he can base some of the information from facts and other known aspects, while the subjective nature strays the information slightly, but does not negatively or positively contribute to the credibility of the article. I was able to use this because, disregarding the location, the data was very credible.

Hardman, Ken. "SCHOOLS: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE." Www.hrcak.scre.hr. 2007. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. <http://scholar.googleusercontent.com/scholar?q=cache:lJf6lA4l7bwJ:scholar.google.com/+physical+education+in+schools&hl=en&as_sdt=1,41&as_ylo=2008>.

This article shows how that in a majority of countries PE is taught in schools as a legal requirement, and in those where it is not for legal reasons, it is educated as general practice. A child’s youngest years are fundamental in understanding physical concepts. If a child is taught at a young age to be physically active, it is more likely that in his adulthood he will be more physically active.

This particular article was free from bias as far as I could find. Because of the aspect of the topic of the article, I was not able to notice any bias. The evidence is based off of global information acquired from reliable databases from the United States, UK, Europe, and other places. The author left out specific information from more direct regions of each country, most likely due to the fact that it was a broad approach to the topic, and not specific. This can be used in my project to directly compare the United States physical education system to the rest of the worlds’ physical education system, if one is even established.

Gao, Zan, Amelia M. Lee, Ping Xiang, and Maria Kosma. "Effect of Learning Activity on Students' Motivation, Physical Activity Levels and Effort/Persistence."Www.eric.gov. Web. 20 Mar. 2012. <http://www.eric.ed.gov/PDFS/EJ936017.pdf>.

Children are not participating in enough physical activity because of changes in their environment. This, inevitably, leads to an increase in overweightness and obesity among younger populations. This article proceeds to explain how self-efficacy can determine whether or not a student continues doing an activity. It is described as the motivation of a person considering how well an individual thinks that they can do. Coupled with individual outcome expectancy, this could lead to a reason of why someone puts forth, or doesn’t put forth, effort and how well they actually do. Another important factor that this article states is that students scored best in team activities such as soccer or volleyball.

This article focused on the individual’s mindset on physical fitness. It had a primary focus on self-efficacy and how students viewed themselves. The article is very biased and I found many biased views in the pages I viewed. The authors claimed that the individuals mindset on how well they can do affects how well they actually do, but, although they tried to find sufficient data, the information given had major gaps such as data problems that could not fully support the information. The direction of the article allows for many biased views, as long as the data supports it, to not affect the credibility of it. I specifically noticed this when re-reading it, but thought that the bias helped support the authors claims and the cited work proves it. The author usefully shows data from specific individuals, which is what I needed to help balance out the point of views in the articles I used.